§155.190 番茄罐头(Canned tomatoes)

更多有关蔬菜罐头的法规，见美国FDA 21 CFR 第155部分关于蔬菜罐头的法规汇总。
   §155.190 Canned tomatoes　　

        （a） Identity— （1） Description. Canned tomatoes is the food prepared from mature tomatoes conforming to the characteristics of the fruit Lycopersicum esculentum P. Mill, of red or reddish varieties. The tomatoes may or may not be peeled, but shall have had the stems and calicies removed and shall have been cored, except where the internal core is insignificant to texture and appearance.

　　（ii） Canned tomatoes may contain one or more of the safe and suitable optional ingredients specified in paragraph （a）（2） of this section, be packed without any added liquid or in one of the optional packing media specified in paragraph （a）（3） of this section and be prepared in one of the styles specified in paragraph （a）（4） of this section. Such food is sealed in a container and before or after sealing is so processed by heat as to prevent spoilage.

　　（2） Optional ingredients. One or more of the following safe and suitable ingredients may be used:

　　（i） Calcium salts in a quantity reasonably necessary to firm the tomatoes, but the amount of calcium in the finished canned tomatoes is not more than 0.045 percent of the weight, except that when the tomatoes are prepared in one of the styles specified in paragraphs （a）（4） （ii） to （iv） of this section the amount of calcium is not more than 0.08 percent of the weight of the food.

　　（ii） Organic acids for the purpose of acidification.

　　（iii） Dry nutritive carbohydrate sweeteners whenever any organic acid provided for in paragraph （a）（2）（ii） of this section is used, in a quantity reasonably necessary to compensate for the tartness resulting from such added acid.

　　（iv） Salt.

　　（v） Spices, spice oils.

　　（vi） Flavoring and seasoning.

　　（vii） Vegetable ingredients such as onion, peppers, and celery, that may be fresh or preserved by physical means, in a quantity not more than 10 percent by weight of the finished food.

　　（3） Packing media. （i） The liquid draining from the tomatoes during or after peeling or coring.

　　（ii） The liquid strained from the residue from preparing tomatoes for canning consisting of peels and cores with or without tomatoes or pieces thereof.

　　（iii） The liquid strained from mature tomatoes （tomato juice）.

　　（iv） Tomato paste, or tomato puree, or tomato pulp complying with the compositional requirements of § 155.191.

　　（4） Styles. （i） Whole.

　　（ii） Diced.

　　（iii） Sliced.

　　（iv） Wedges.

　　（5） Name of the food. （i） The name of the food is “tomatoes”， except that when the tomatoes are not peeled the name is “unpeeled tomatoes”。

　　（ii） The following shall be included as part of the name or in close proximity to the name of the food:

　　（a） A declaration of any flavoring that characterizes the product as specified in § 101.22 of this chapter.

　　（b） A declaration of any added spice, seasoning, or vegetable ingredient that characterizes the product, （e.g., “with added ___” or, “with ___” the blank to be filled in with the word（s） “spice（s）”， “seasoning（s）”， or the name（s） of the vegetable（s） used or in lieu of the word（s） “spice（s）” or “seasoning （s）” the common or usual name（s） of the spice（s） or seasoning（s） used） except that no declaration of the presence of onion, peppers, and celery is required for stewed tomatoes.

　　（c） The word “stewed” if the tomatoes contain characterizing amounts of at least the three optional vegetables listed in paragraph （a）（2）（vii） of this section.

　　（d） The styles: “Diced”， “sliced”， or “wedges” as appropriate.

　　（e） The name of the packing medium: “tomato paste”， “tomato puree”， or “tomato pulp” as provided in paragraph （a）（3）（iv） of this section, or “strained residual tomato material from preparation for canning” as provided for in paragraph （a）（3）（ii） of this section, as appropriate. The name of the packing medium shall be preceded by the word “with”。

　　（iii） The following may be included as part of the name or in close proximity to the name:

　　（a） The word “whole” if the tomato ingredient is whole or almost whole, and the weight of such ingredient is not less than 80 percent of the drained weight of the finished food as determined in accordance with the method prescribed in paragraph （b）（2） of this section.

　　（b） The words “solid pack” when none of the optional packing media specified in paragraph （a）（3） of this section are used.

　　（c） The words “in tomato juice” if the packing medium specified in paragraph （a）（3）（iii） of this section is used.

　　（6） Label declaration. The name of each ingredient used shall be declared on the label as required by the applicable sections of parts 101 and 130 of this chapter.

　　（b） Quality. （1） The standard of quality for canned tomatoes is as follows:

　　（i） The drained weight, as determined by the method prescribed in paragraph （b）（2）（i） of this section, is not less than 50 percent of the weight of water required to fill the container, as determined by the general method for water capacity of containers prescribed in § 130.12（a） of this chapter ;

　　（ii） The strength and redness of color as determined by the method prescribed in paragraph （b）（2） of this section, are not less than that of the blended color of any combination of the color discs described in such method in which one-third the area of disc 1, and not more than one-third the area of disc 2, is exposed;

　　（iii） Peel per kilogram （2.2 pounds） of the finished food covers an area of not more than 15 cm 2 （2.3 square inches） which is equivalent to 6.8 cm 2 （1.06 square inches） per pound based on an average of all containers examined provided, however, that the area of peel is not a factor of quality for canned unpeeled tomatoes labeled in accordance with paragraph （a）（5）（i） of this section; and

　　（iv） Blemishes per kilogram （2.2 pounds） of the finished food cover an area of not more than 3.5 cm 2 （0.54 square inch） which is equivalent to 1.6 cm 2 （0.25 square inch） per pound based on an average of all containers examined.

　　（2） Canned tomatoes shall be tested by the following method to determine whether or not they meet the requirements of paragraphs （b）（1） （i） and （ii） of this section:

　　（i） Remove lid from container, but in the case of a container with lid attached by double seam, do not remove or alter the height of the double seam. Tilt the opened container so as to distribute the contents over the meshes of a circular sieve which has previously been weighed. The diameter of the sieve used is 20.3 centimeters （8 inches） if the quantity of the contents of the container is less than 1.4 kilograms （3 pounds） or 30.5 centimeters （12 inches） if such quantity is 1.4 kilograms （3 pounds） or more. The meshes of such sieve are made by so weaving wire of 1.4 mm （0.054 inch） diameter as to form square openings 11.3 mm by 11.3 mm （0.446 inch by 0.446 inch）. Without shifting the tomatoes, so incline the sieve as to facilitate drainage of the liquid. Two minutes from the time drainage begins, weigh the sieve and drained tomatoes. The weight so found, less the weight of the sieve, shall be considered to be the drained weight.

　　（ii） Remove from the sieve the drained tomatoes, cut out and segregate successively those portions of least redness until 50 percent of the drained weight has been so segregated. Comminute the segregated portions to a uniform mixture without removing or breaking the seeds. Fill the mixture into a black container to a depth of at least 25.4 mm （1 inch）. Free the mixture from air bubbles, and skim off or press below the surface all visible seeds. Compare the color of the mixture, in full diffused daylight or its equivalent, with the blended color of combinations of the following concentric Munsell color discs of equal diameter, or the color equivalent of such discs:

　　（a） Red—Munsell 5 R 2.6/13 （glossy finish）.

　　（b） Yellow—Munsell 2.5 YR 5/12 （glossy finish）.

　　（c） Black—Munsell N 1/ （glossy finish）.

　　（d） Grey—Munsell N 4 （mat finish）.

　　（3） Determine compliance as specified in § 155.3（b）.

　　（4） If the quality of canned tomatoes falls below the standard prescribed in paragraph （b）（1） of this section, the label shall bear the general statement of substandard quality specified in § 130.14（a） of this chapter in the manner and form therein specified; if, however, the quality of canned tomatoes falls below standard with respect to only one of the factors of quality specified by paragraphs （b）（1） （i） to （iii） of this section, there may be substituted for the second line of such general statement of substandard quality （“Good Food—Not High Grade”） a new line, appropriate for the corresponding subparagraph designation of paragraph （b）（1） of this section which the canned tomatoes fail to meet, to read as follows:

　　（i） “Poor color” or

　　（ii） “Excessive peel” or

　　（iii） “Excessive blemishes”。

　　（c） Fill of container. （1） The standard of fill of container for canned tomatoes is a fill of not less than 90 percent of the total capacity of the container, as determined by the general method for fill of containers prescribed in § 130.12（b） of this chapter.

　　（2） Determine compliance as specified in § 155.3（b）.

　　（3） If canned tomatoes fall below the standard of fill of container prescribed in paragraph （c）（1） of this section, the label shall bear the general statement of substandard fill specified in § 130.14（b） of this chapter, in the manner and form therein specified.

　　[42 FR 14449, Mar. 15, 1977, as amended at 43 FR 12858, Mar. 28, 1978; 43 FR 30274, July 14, 1978; 45 FR 43400, June 27, 1980; 58 FR 17103, Apr. 1, 1993; 59 FR 15051, Mar. 31, 1994]